Safety Score
Safety Score assesses your driving behavior using several metrics called Safety Factors. These are combined to estimate the likelihood of a future collision. We combine your daily Safety Scores (up to 30 days) to calculate the aggregated Safety Score, which is displayed on the main ‘Safety Score’ screen of the Tesla app. You can find details around your daily Safety Score by selecting ‘Daily Breakdown’ at the bottom of the screen.
Safety Score is intended to provide drivers transparency and feedback regarding their driving behaviors in order to encourage safer driving and potentially reduce the cost of insurance. Safety Scores are a value between 0 and 100, where a higher score indicates safer driving.
To see more details about Safety Score and how it is calculated, you need to determine if you are currently enrolled in version 3.0, version 2.2 or a previous version. To determine which version you are enrolled in, open your Tesla app and scroll to the bottom of the ‘Safety Score’ screen. See when you will be upgraded to the latest version of the Safety Score.
What Changed in Version 3.0
Safety Score version 3.0 has a more accurate assessment of your future collision risk based on over 26.5 billion miles of driving data. The key changes from version 2.2 to version 3.0 are:
- Safety Factors are now measured against miles driven without FSD (Supervised) engaged, ensuring your score focuses on your manual driving behavior.
- Miles driven with FSD (Supervised) engaged receive a Safety Score of 100 and are now included in the calculation of Safety Score with FSD (Supervised). Your Safety Score with FSD (Supervised) is calculated by adding the percentage of miles driven with FSD (Supervised) engaged multiplied by 100, to the percentage of miles driven manually multiplied by your Safety Score.
- The risk levels assigned to the hours for Late-Night Driving have been refined based on the most recent data.
Note: Availability of Safety Factors will vary based on your Tesla vehicle’s Infotainment system and Self-Driving hardware. Feature availability depends on vehicle configuration, hardware, software version, region, model, vehicle trim and model year.
Safety Factors
There are several Safety Factors that impact your Safety Score. These are measured directly by your Tesla vehicle by using the software and various sensors on the vehicle.
Note: Feature availability depends on vehicle configuration, hardware, software version, region, model, vehicle trim and model year.
Hard Braking is defined as backward acceleration, measured by your Tesla vehicle, in excess of 0.3g. This is the same as a decrease in the vehicle’s speed greater than 6.7 mph, in one second. Hard braking is used in the Safety Score formula as the proportion of time where the vehicle experiences backward acceleration greater than 0.3g as a percentage of the proportion of time the vehicle experiences backward acceleration greater than 0.1g (2.2 mph in one second). Hard Braking while on Traffic-Aware Cruise Control (TACC), Autopilot and FSD (Supervised) is not factored into the Safety Score . For vehicles with Full Self-Driving computer 3.0 or greater, braking while the vehicle detects yellow traffic lights is also not factored into the Safety Score . If the vehicle does not detect a yellow traffic light at the time of the Hard Braking, the event will impact your Safety Score. The percentage shown in the app is the proportion of time spent braking done with excessive force while driving with TACC, Autopilot or FSD (Supervised) disengaged. The value is capped at 5.3% in the Safety Score formula.
Aggressive Turning is defined as left/right acceleration, measured by your Tesla vehicle to be in excess of 0.4g. This is the same as an increase in the vehicle’s speed to the left/right greater than 8.9 mph, in one second. Aggressive Turning is used in the Safety Score formula as the proportion of time the vehicle experiences left or right acceleration greater than 0.4g as a percentage of the proportion of time the vehicle experiences left or right acceleration greater than 0.2g (4.5 mph in one second). Aggressive Turning while on Traffic-Aware Cruise Control (TACC), Autopilot or FSD (Supervised) is not factored into the Safety Score. The percentage shown in the Tesla app is the proportion of time spent turning with excessive force while driving with TACC, Autopilot or FSD (Supervised) disengaged. The value is capped at 13.5% in the Safety Score formula.
Your Tesla vehicle measures its own speed, the speed of the vehicle in front and the distance between the two vehicles. Based on these measurements, your vehicle calculates the number of seconds you would have to react and stop if the vehicle in front of you came to a sudden stop. This measurement is called “headway.” Unsafe Following is the proportion of time where your vehicle’s headway is less than 1.0 seconds relative to the time that your vehicle’s headway is less than 3.0 seconds. Unsafe Following is only measured when your vehicle is traveling at least 50 mph and is incorporated into the Safety Score formula as a percentage. Unsafe Following while on Traffic-Aware Cruise Control (TACC), Autopilot or FSD (Supervised) is not factored into the Safety Score formula. The percentage shown in the Tesla app is the percentage of Unsafe Following while driving with TACC, Autopilot or FSD (Supervised) disengaged. The value is capped at 64.2% in the Safety Score formula.
Excessive Speeding is defined as the proportion of time spent driving in excess of 85 mph or driving 20% faster than the vehicle in front of you, when that vehicle is going over 25 mph and is within 100 meters of your vehicle. This value is expressed as a percentage of total driving time and is capped at 10.0% in the Safety Score formula. Speeding while using Traffic-Aware Cruise Control (TACC), Autopilot or FSD (Supervised) is not factored into the Safety Score formula.
Late-Night Driving is defined as the number of seconds you spend driving between 11 PM - 4 AM, divided by the total number of seconds you spend driving. Due to the variable risk level associated with driving during each hour of late-night driving, each hour is weighed differently, and will affect your Safety Score differently. For example, driving at 11 PM will not affect your Safety Score as heavily as driving at 2 AM. Drive sessions that span two days will apply to the day the trip ends. Late-Night Driving includes all driving at night (11 PM – 4 AM) including any driving done while Traffic-Aware Cruise Control (TACC), Autopilot or FSD (Supervised) is engaged. The value is capped at 17.8% in the Safety Score formula.
The Self-Driving system disengages for the remainder of a trip after the driver has received three audio and visual warnings. These warnings occur when your Tesla vehicle has determined that the driver has not applied sufficient resistance to the steering wheel or has become inattentive. Forced Autopilot or FSD (Supervised) Disengagement is used in the Safety Score formula as a 1 or 0 indicator. The value is 1 if the Self-Driving system is forcibly disengaged during a trip, and 0 otherwise.
Unbuckled Driving is defined as the proportion of time spent driving faster than 10 mph without fastening the driver’s seatbelt in a Tesla vehicle, as a percentage of time spent driving faster than 10 mph. The value is capped at 29.8% in the Safety Score formula.
Determining Your Safety Score
In order to calculate your daily Safety Score, we use the Predicted Collision Frequency (PCF) formula below to predict how many collisions may occur per 1 million miles driven without FSD (Supervised) engaged, based on driving behaviors measured by your Tesla vehicle. Driving with Traffic-Aware Cruise Control (TACC), Autopilot or FSD (Supervised) engaged (including 5 seconds after TACC, Autopilot or FSD (Supervised) is disengaged) will not be factored into the Safety Score formula.
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Predicted Collision Frequency (PCF) = 0.32781770 |
x 1.25903299Hard Braking |
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x 1.00776995Aggressive Turning |
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x 1.00189173Unsafe Following Time |
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x 1.18097634Forced Autopilot or FSD (Supervised) Disengagement |
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x 1.03013387Late-Night Driving |
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x 1.03980607Excessive Speeding |
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x 1.01098983Unbuckled Driving |
The current formula was derived based on statistical modeling using over 26.5 billion miles of fleet data. We expect to make further changes to the formula in the future as we gain more customer and data insights.
The PCF is converted into a 0 to 100 Safety Score using the following formula:
Safety Score = 118.82842732- 57.43566398x PCF
Your daily Safety Score is not impacted by the number of miles you drive. We combine your daily Safety Scores (up to 30 days) into an average, weighted by miles driven while TACC, Autopilot or FSD (Supervised) is disengaged to calculate the aggregated Safety Score.
To calculate the Safety Score with FSD (Supervised) displayed on the main screen of the Tesla app, we combine your aggregated Safety Score described above with the Safety Score for FSD (Supervised), which is 100, weighted by the amount you drove with FSD (Supervised) engaged.
Safety Score with FSD (Supervised) = % of Miles with FSD (Supervised) engaged x 100 + % of Miles with FSD (Supervised) disengaged x Safety Score
The percentage of miles driven with and without FSD (Supervised) engaged is calculated based on the same 30-day window.
Note: Because Tesla vehicles with hardware older than computer 2.0 do not measure following distance, Unsafe Following Time is replaced by a default value of 22.0% in the PCF formula. For these vehicles, the value of 118.82842732 is replaced by 119.62719638 in the Safety Score formula.
Improving Your Safety Score
You can improve your Safety Score by improving each Safety Factor.
Hard Braking
Engage the brake pedal early when slowing down, coming to a stop or reacting to a change in your environment. Use regenerative braking whenever it is possible and safe to do so. Maintaining a safe following distance reduces the instances where the brake pedal needs to be applied with excessive force.
Aggressive Turning
When turning, changing lanes or rounding a corner, do so gradually. Reduce your speed when heading into a turn and gradually accelerate out of the turn. Do not unnecessarily jerk the steering wheel.
Unsafe Following
Do not tailgate or drive close to the vehicle in front of you. Maintain a safe following distance of several car-lengths from the vehicle in front to have sufficient time to react to its speed. Remember that driving at higher speeds in inclement weather or on slick road surfaces requires a greater following distance to allow sufficient time to react safely.
Excessive Speeding
Plan a little extra time when commuting so you can arrive on time without driving over 85 mph or significantly exceeding the speed of the vehicles around you. Traveling at high speeds or much faster than surrounding traffic adds additional risk when driving. Always maintain a safe and consistent speed and pay attention to the other vehicles on the road, especially in traffic-congested areas, to help reduce potential risk and improve your Safety Score.
Late-Night Driving
Plan your trips to avoid driving between the hours of 11 PM and 4 AM to help reduce the likelihood of a dangerous driving environment.
Forced Autopilot or FSD (Supervised) Disengagement
Only use the various features as described in your Tesla Owner’s Manual. Pay attention to the road and maintain your hands on the steering wheel while the Self-Driving system is engaged.
Note: Feature availability depends on vehicle configuration, hardware, software version, region, model, vehicle trim and model year.
Unbuckled Driving
Build a habit of fastening your seatbelt in the driver’s seat before you shift out of park. Even at slow speeds, wearing your seatbelt is an easy way to help reduce risk and avoid serious injury.
What Changed in Version 2.2
Safety Score Beta version 2.2 has a more accurate assessment of your future collision risk based on over 22 billion miles of driving data. The key changes from version 2.1 to version 2.2 are:
- Excessive Speeding is now measured as a proportion of driving time in excess of 85 mph or speeding in relation to the vehicle in front of you.
Note: Availability of Safety Factors will vary based on your Tesla vehicle’s Infotainment system and Self-Driving hardware. Feature availability depends on vehicle configuration, hardware, software version, region, model, vehicle trim and model year.
Safety Factors
There are several Safety Factors that impact your Safety Score. These are measured directly by your Tesla vehicle by using the software and various sensors on the vehicle.
Note: Feature availability depends on vehicle configuration, hardware, software version, region, model, vehicle trim and model year.
Hard braking is defined as backward acceleration, measured by your Tesla vehicle, in excess of 0.3g. This is the same as a decrease in the vehicle’s speed larger than 6.7 mph, in one second. Hard braking is introduced into the Safety Score Beta formula as the proportion of time where the vehicle experiences backward acceleration greater than 0.3g as a percentage of the proportion of time the vehicle experiences backward acceleration greater than 0.1g (2.2 mph in one second). Hard braking while on Traffic-Aware Cruise Control (TACC), Autopilot and FSD (Supervised) is not factored into the Safety Score Beta formula. For vehicles with Full Self-Driving computer 3.0 or greater, braking while the vehicle detects yellow traffic lights is also not factored into the Safety Score Beta formula. If the vehicle is unable to detect a yellow traffic light at the time of the hard braking, the event will impact your Safety Score. The percentage shown in the app is the proportion of time spent braking done with excessive force when driving and TACC, Autopilot or FSD (Supervised) is not engaged. The value is capped at 5.2% in the Safety Score Beta formula.
Aggressive turning is defined as left/right acceleration, measured by your Tesla vehicle, in excess of 0.4g. This is the same as an increase in the vehicle’s speed to the left/right larger than 8.9 mph, in one second. Aggressive turning is introduced into the Safety Score Beta formula as the proportion of time the vehicle experiences left or right acceleration greater than 0.4g as a percentage of the proportion of time the vehicle experiences left or right acceleration greater than 0.2g (4.5 mph in one second). Aggressive turning while on Traffic-Aware Cruise Control (TACC), Autopilot or FSD (Supervised) is not factored into the Safety Score Beta formula. The percentage shown in the Tesla app is the proportion of time spent turning with excessive force when driving and TACC, Autopilot or FSD (Supervised) is not engaged. The value is capped at 13.2% in the Safety Score Beta formula.
Your Tesla vehicle measures its own speed, the speed of the vehicle in front and the distance between the two vehicles. Based on these measurements, your vehicle calculates the number of seconds you would have to react and stop if the vehicle in front of you came to a sudden stop. This measurement is called “headway.” Unsafe following is the proportion of time where your vehicle’s headway is less than 1.0 seconds relative to the time that your vehicle’s headway is less than 3.0 seconds. Unsafe following is only measured when your vehicle is traveling at least 50 mph and is incorporated into the Safety Score Beta formula as a percentage. Unsafe following while on Traffic-Aware Cruise Control (TACC), Autopilot or FSD (Supervised) is not factored into the Safety Score Beta formula. The percentage shown in the Tesla app is the percentage of unsafe following when driving and TACC, Autopilot or FSD (Supervised) is not engaged. The value is capped at 63.2% in the Safety Score Beta formula.
Excessive Speeding is defined as the proportion of time spent driving in excess of 85 mph or driving 20% faster than the vehicle in front of you, when that vehicle is going over 25 mph and is within 100 meters of your vehicle. This value is expressed as a percentage of total driving time and is capped at 10.0% in the Safety Score Beta formula. Speeding while using Traffic-Aware Cruise Control (TACC), Autopilot or FSD (Supervised) is not factored into the Safety Score Beta formula.
Late-Night Driving is defined as the number of seconds you spend driving at night (11 PM - 4 AM) divided by the number of seconds you spend driving total during the day and night. Due to the variable risk level associated with driving during each late-night hour, each hour is weighed differently, and driving at each hour will affect your Safety Score differently. For example, driving at 11 PM will not affect your Safety Score as heavily as driving at 2 AM. Drive sessions that span two days will apply to the day the trip ends. Late-Night Driving includes all driving at night (11 PM – 4 AM) including any driving done while Traffic-Aware Cruise Control (TACC), Autopilot or FSD (Supervised) is engaged. The value is capped at 14.2% in the Safety Score Beta formula.
The Self-Driving system disengages for the remainder of a trip after the driver has received three audio and visual warnings. These warnings occur when your Tesla vehicle has determined that the driver has not applied sufficient resistance to the steering wheel or has become inattentive. Forced Autopilot or FSD (Supervised) Disengagement is introduced into the Safety Score Beta formula as a 1 or 0 indicator. The value is 1 if the Self-Driving system is forcibly disengaged during a trip, and 0 otherwise.
Unbuckled Driving is defined as the proportion of time spent driving above 10 mph without fastening the driver’s seatbelt in a Tesla vehicle, as a percentage of time spent driving above 10 mph. The value shown in the Tesla app is the proportion of time driven at a speed over 10 mph, without buckling the driver’s seatbelt, as a percentage of time spent driving over 10 mph. The value is capped at 31.7% in the Safety Score Beta formula.
Determining Your Safety Score
In order to calculate your daily Safety Score, we use the Predicted Collision Frequency (PCF) formula below to predict how many collisions may occur per 1 million miles driven, based on driving behaviors measured by your Tesla vehicle. Driving with Traffic-Aware Cruise Control (TACC), Autopilot or FSD (Supervised) engaged (including 5 seconds after TACC, Autopilot or FSD (Supervised) is disengaged) will not be factored into the Safety Score Beta formula.
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Predicted Collision Frequency (PCF) = 0.57198191 |
x 1.23599110Hard Braking |
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x 1.01219290Aggressive Turning |
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x 1.00271921Unsafe Following Time |
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x 1.32343362Forced Autopilot or FSD (Supervised) Disengagement |
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x 1.03231810Late-Night Driving |
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x 1.02439511Excessive Speeding |
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x 1.01151237Unbuckled Driving |
The current formula was derived based on statistical modeling using over 22 billion miles of fleet data. We expect to make further changes to the formula in the future as we gain more customer and data insights.
The PCF is converted into a 0 to 100 Safety Score using the following formula:
Safety Score = 122.15240383 - 38.72920381 x PCF
Your daily Safety Score is not impacted by the number of miles you drive. We combine your daily Safety Scores (up to 30 days) into an average, weighted by miles driven while TACC, Autopilot or FSD (Supervised) is disengaged to calculate the aggregated Safety Score, which is displayed on the main ‘Safety Score’ screen of the Tesla app.
Note: Since Tesla vehicles with hardware older than computer 2.0 do not measure following distance, Unsafe Following Time is replaced by a default value of 21.8% in the PCF formula. For these vehicles, the value of 122.15240383 is replaced by 123.50230309 in the Safety Score Beta formula.
Improving Your Safety Score
You can improve your Safety Score by improving each Safety Factor.
Hard Braking
Engage the brake pedal early when slowing down, coming to a stop or reacting to a change in your environment. Use regenerative braking whenever possible and safe to do so. Maintaining a safe following distance reduces the instances where the brake pedal needs to be applied with extreme force.
Aggressive Turning
When turning, changing lanes or rounding a corner, do so gradually. Reduce your speed heading into a turn, gradually accelerating out of the turn. Do not unnecessarily jerk the steering wheel.
Unsafe Following
Do not tailgate or drive close to the vehicle in front. Maintain a following distance of several car-lengths to the vehicle in front to have sufficient time to react to its speed. Remember that driving at higher speeds in inclement weather or on slick road surfaces requires a greater following distance to allow sufficient time to react safely.
Excessive Speeding
Plan a little extra time when commuting so you can arrive on time without driving over 85 mph or significantly exceeding the speed of the vehicles around you. Traveling at high speed or much faster than surrounding traffic adds additional risk when driving. Always maintain a safe and consistent speed and pay attention to the other vehicles on the road, especially in traffic-congested areas, to help reduce potential risk and improve your Safety Score.
Late-Night Driving
Plan your trips to avoid driving between the hours of 11 PM and 4 AM to help reduce the likelihood of a dangerous driving environment.
Forced Autopilot or FSD (Supervised) Disengagement
Only use the various features as described in your Tesla Owner’s Manual. Pay attention to the road and maintain your hands on the steering wheel while the Self-Driving system is engaged.
Note: Feature availability depends on vehicle configuration, hardware, software version, region, model, vehicle trim and model year.
Unbuckled Driving
Build a habit of fastening your seatbelt in the driver’s seat before you shift out of park. Even at slow speeds, wearing your seatbelt is an easy way to help reduce risk while driving and avoid serious injury.
