Subsystems

Motor Type

Motor Specifications
Front Motor AC permanent magnet synchronous motor, liquid-cooled, with variable frequency drive
Rear Motor AC induction motor, liquid-cooled, with variable frequency drive
Nominal Voltage 320 volts

Transmission

Transmission Specifications
Type Single speed fixed gear
Overall Final Drive Ratio

Small motor: 9.3:1
Large motor: 9.7:1

Reverse Gear Reverse direction of motor, limited to 24 km/h

Steering

Steering Specifications
Type Variable ratio rack and pinion with electronic power steering, speed sensitive
Number of turns lock to lock 2.33
Turning Circle (curb to curb) 40.3 ft/12.3 m

Brakes

Brakes Specifications
Type 4-wheel anti-lock braking system (ABS) with Electronic Brake Force Distribution, Integrated Advanced Stability Control and Electronic Accelerator pedal actuated regenerative braking system
Rotor Diameters (ventilated) Front: 13.98”/355 mm
Rear: 14.37”/365 mm
Front Rotor thickness New: 1.26”/32 mm
Service limit: 1.18”/30 mm
Rear Rotor thickness New: 1.10”/28 mm
Service limit: 1.02”/26 mm
Front Brake Pad Thickness (excluding back plate) 0.346”/8.8 mm
Rear Brake Pad Thickness (excluding back plate) 0.354”/9 mm
Parking brake Electrically actuated parking brake calipers
Brake Disc Friction Pair Front: .31"/8 mm
Rear: .28"/7 mm

Suspension

Suspension Specifications
Front Independent, double wishbone, air spring or coil spring/telescopic damper, sway bar
Rear Independent, multi-link, air spring or coil spring/telescopic damper, sway bar (air suspension vehicles only)

Battery - Low Voltage

Battery - Low Voltage Specifications
Rating 33 amp hour or higher
Voltage and Polarity Low voltage negative (-) ground

Battery - High Voltage

Battery - High Voltage Specifications
Type Liquid-cooled lithium ion (Li-ion)
Nominal Voltage 350 V DC
Temperature Range Do not expose Model S to ambient temperatures above 60° C or below -30° C for more than 24 hours at a time.